Afro asian journal of social sciences volume 1, no. It is a process similar to passing in sociological terms. It is a process similar to passing in anthropological terms. Westernization refers to the process of the imitation of western countries by the nonwestern countries. In the traditional society, the occupations practised by castes, their diet, and the customs they observe determine their status in the hierarchy. Eso14ast201415 assignment dear student, you will have to complete one assignment for an eightcredit elective course in sociology. Sanskritisation, westernisation, modernisation caste. A few other anthropologists who are making studies of tribal and village communities in various parts of india seem to find the concept helpful in the analysis of their material, and this fact induces me to attempt a reexamination of it here. Sankritization is the process by which a low caste or tribe or other groups takes over the customs, rituals, beliefs, ideology and life style of a higher caste. The sociological concept of sanskritization in india ground. Later on he called it sanskritization in a broad sense. Modernization is limited to adoption of technology and industrialization. A historical dimension there is a slogan the chinese learning as pr inciple, the western learning as application or rendered more conceptually, the chinese doctrine as principle, the western science as. Apr 16, 2020 sanskritization, notes, sociology, notes, ias, civil service exam upsc notes edurev is made by best teachers of upsc.
Aleksander ben ghiats translation of jonathan swifts gullivers travels is an important literary document as well as a valuable resource for the student of sephardic social and intellectual history, and my goal in this article is to provide a philological analysis of it. During the 19th century british found in indian institutions practices such as slavery, human sacrifices, sati, female infanticide, and used all powers to fight against the institutions which they considered barbarous. N srinivas when a low caste was able to rise to a higher position in the hierarchy by adopting vegetarianism and teetotalism and adopting the brahminical way of life has been called as sanskritization. Modernization is a kind of social change in where a traditional society inclines to develop new patterns of conduct in response to new. The sociological concept of sanskritization in india. A reappraisal of the relevance of anthropological concepts to the social historian of modern india article dec 1977. Sanskritization and social change in india european. Sanskritization is the process by which a low caste or tribe or other groups takes over the customs, rituals, beliefs, ideology and life style of a higher caste. Sanskritization and westernization 483 certain obstacles, brahmanical customs and way of life did manage to spread not only among all hindus but also among some outlying tribes. While concepts like sanskritization and westernization have helped the understanding of complex, often seemingly contradictory trends in society, prof. B reference group theory with regard to mobility within castes, bulletin of the deccan college research institute, xxiii 1962 1963, 11 23. Another major source of social change in indian civilization highlighted by srinivas is sanskritization. Imapact of sanskritization and westernization on india.
In another sense, there was a deep contrast between sanskritization and westernization. Dec 30, 2019 expert teachers at has created karnataka 2nd puc sociology question bank with answers solutions, notes, guide pdf free download of 2nd puc sociology textbook questions and answers, model question papers with answers, study material. Sanskritisation, modernisation and westernisation introduction. V two recent articles in the hindu address the question of caste and gender in indian music and dance. So far, i have mentioned only the ways in which the westernization of india. So in order to improve the status, the lower castes people imitate the life style of the upper caste people. The term westernization refers to the conversion to or adoption of western traditions and customs. Problematizing received categoriesrevisiting folk hinduism. Meaning the concept sanskritization was first introduced by prof. Is the resistance to the westernization another trap to fall in. Sanskritisation, westernisation, modernisation free download as word doc.
A note on sanskritization and westernization the journal of asian. Srinivas, these influences of modernization might best be labeled as westernization. After indias independence, the caste studies were conducted by emphasizing on intensive fieldwork covering functional interdependence of castes, purity and pollution, nature and types of caste mobility, formsf dependence and dominance between castes, and intercaste frictions. After contact, changes in cultural patterns are evident within one or both cultures. This is to some extent due to the fact that hindu society is a stratified one, in which there are. This term was made popular by indian sociologist m.
N srinivas a pioneer in indian sociology has used the term sanskritization to explain westernization. Sanskritization is not a new concept in sociological literature but m. Read this article to learn about the relationship between caste and politics in indian society. Some sociologists equate westernization with modernization, but this is not correct. Eating beef, fish and mutton is considered defiling. Westernization is a process whereby societies come under or adopt western culture in such matters as industry, technology, law, politics, lifestyle, diet, language, religion, philosophy, andor values. N srinivas 1962 pioneer of sociology in india has used the term westernisation to indicate the change, which took place in india during the british rule in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Globalization offers many advantages that dont have directly to do with westernization international shipping, material improvements and imports, the sharing of more ef. Feb 23, 2009 sanskritization is not a new concept in sociological literature but m. With the coming of british and western technology, such as railways, press radio, plane there was increased the spread of literacy and aided sanskritization. Sanskritization definition of sanskritization by merriam. It is difficult to characterise sanskritisation in a toe redsecular of folkurban frame of reference. In the indian context westernization refers to changes that were brought about in indian society and culture as a result of the british rule. It has left its mark every where on indian life, but especial.
Factors that hastened the process of sanskritization political and economic factors. Westernization has been a pervasive and accelerating influence across the world in the last few centuries. Jul 28, 2009 18 that sanskritization and westernization are the manifestations of referencegroup behaviour seems to have been noted by damle, y. Prenatal and postnatal growth and development of different body parts, subcutaneous tissues and physiological variables. But when westernization is looked upon by the people as a symbol of a higher social status, some people would naturally take to western ways of life as part of the process of moving up in the social hierarchy. Thus, practising an occupation such as tanning, butchery puts a caste in a low position. Sanskritization, westernization, social mobility 357 pantheon. N srinivas introduced the term sanskritization to indian sociology. These pdf lecture notes will help you in preparing well for your semester exams and assist you in studying from ready made lecture notes. B reference group theory with regard to mobility within castes, bulletin of the deccan college research institute, xxiii. In his words, sanskritization means not only the adaptation of new customs and habits but also exposure of new ideas and valued which have found frequent expression in the vast body of sanskrit literature, social as well as. Sanskritisation is a particular form of social change found in india.
Sanskritization, notes, sociology, notes, ias, civil. Westernization can also be compared to acculturation and enculturation. Higher castes gave up traditional customs and adopted the life style of the westerns. All the changes, which have occurred in the castes, are intercaste changes and these have no way affected the fundamentals of caste system. Srinivas demonstrates how sanskritization and westernization was a process by which secular forms of rank exhibited by capital, political position, and education and ritual rank caste, ritual, performance, relational power came to terms with one another. It denotes the process by which castes placed lower in the caste hierarchy seek upward mobility by emulating the rituals and practices of the upper or dominant castes. System and the concepts of sanskritisation, westernization and globalization in india dr. A note on sanskritization and westernization cambridge.
Srinivas a pioneer of indian sociology has used the concept of sanskritization. In short, it took over, as far as possible, the customs, rites, and beliefs of the brahmins. The translator is a writer of his people and his time. Sanskritization is a process of imitation in indian society, the social status of an individual is fixed on the basis of caste hierarchy. Westernization definition, to influence with ideas, customs, practices, etc. Srinivas demonstrates how sanskritization and westernization was a process by which secular forms of rank. Social mobility is an age long process occurring throughout india and world altogether.
This very broad definition reveals that westernization can mean different things to different nations and cultures. Expert teachers at has created karnataka 2nd puc sociology question bank with answers solutions, notes, guide pdf free download of 2nd puc sociology textbook questions and answers, model question papers with answers, study material 201920 in english medium and kannada medium are part of 2nd puc question bank with. Hi fellow law llb students, on this thread, i am sharing brief and concise notes on the law second semester, first year subject sociology. This document is highly rated by upsc students and has been viewed 2108 times. On the other hand, the upper castes are discarding some of these customs. Then enter the name part of your kindle email address below. A form of social change in india and nepal, in which members of lower castes seek upward mobility by emulating the rituals and practices of the upper or dominant castes. Sanskritization, westernization, and social mobility. Westernization deals with ideas, religion and culture. A form of social change in india and nepal, in which members of lower castes seek. When we talk about modernization, it is often considered to be in hand with westernization.
He explained the concept of sanskritization in his book religion and society among the coorgs of south india to describe the cultural mobility in the traditional caste structure of indian society. Sociology second semester, first year law llb lecture. It denotes the process by which caste or tribes placed lower in the caste hierarchy seek upward mobility by emulating the rituals and practices of the upper or dominant castes. Westernization cultural and social influence britannica. The spread of sanskrit literature, stories and texts increased under british rule.
Dec 23, 2012 westernization improved communication and technology. The first article titled sanskritization and culture, highlights the fact that many artists from the field of dance and music have rejected and embraced sanskritization at differe. Sanskritisation indian english or sanskritization american english, oxford spelling is a particular form of social change found in india. The result is the present note in which i have made a few additional observations on the twin processes of sanskritization and westernization. Srinivas t he concept of sanskritization was found useful by me in the analysis of the social and religious life of the coorgs of south india. This is to some extent due to the fact that hindu society is a stratified one, in which there are innumerable small groups which try to pass for a higher group. Previously there was a paper on sanskritization which is a sort of social change in upwards mobility prevailed in india to get the benefits of the upper caste or the dominant caste of a particular region by emulating their ceremonial rituals and practices by the lower caste. Saroj choudhary1 1assistant professor, als, amity university, gwalior abstract social change is an inevitable phenomenon, it occurs with the growth of every society. There are many lower castes who suffer from economic, religious or social disabilities.
Mar 07, 2017 social mobility is an age long process occurring throughout india and world altogether. Difference between westernization and modernization. Srinivas essay on the study of ones own society continue to engage scholars, opening the way to an understanding of sociological writing itself as a text. A few other anthropologists who are making studies of tribal and village communities in various. Let us realize at the outlet that the caste system is one of the most elaborate attempts at hierarchizafion of society ever undertaken by matt. The sociological concept of westernization in india. The west seemed to be fascinating and the adoption of popular culture from the west, especially the u.
A note on sanskritization and westernization volume 15 issue 4 m. The image of the west which was considered to be superior and. Westernization and modernization are two ideologies that are under constant debate. A note on sanskritization and westernization the journal of. Sanskritization, notes, sociology, notes, ias, civil service. Westernization refers to all cultural changes and institutional innovations in india as this country came into political and cultural contract with the western nations. Sanskritization is the process by which a low hindu caste, or tribal or other group, change is customs, rituals and way of life in the direction of a high and frequently twiceborn caste. Caste and politics in indian society sociology discussion. Sanskritization and westernization is a more dynamic one than even srinivas makes apparent in his writings. Acculturation is the process of cultural and psychological change that takes place as a result of contact between cultural groups and their individual members.
In the early decades of the 20th century, chinese and korean actors, dancers, and playwrights studying in japan took back to their countries western theory and practice in ballet, modern dance, and theatre. Out of africa hypothesis, multiregional hypothesis, partial replacement hypothesis. Pdf sanskritisation, westernisation and modernisation manzoor. Social change in modern india orient black swan, 200 pages, rs. A note on sanskritization and westernization jstor. Sanskritization definition is the assimilation of a language to sanskrit in vocabulary, syntax, or style. Meiji restoration 1868, artists studied western performing arts. The process of westernization need not be regarded as an irony but is an important dimension of the total process of mobility and change in indian society. Defining sanskritization srinivas writes, sanskritization is a process by which a lower caste or tribe or any other group changes its customs, rituals, ideology and way of life in the direction of a higher or more often twiceborn caste. The development of hinduism can be interpreted as a constant interaction between the religion of the upper social groups, represented by the brahmans, and the religion of other groups. Westernization improved communication and technology. India presents one of the oldest, continuous and uninterrupted living civilizations. The progress in science and technology from the outside world created indonesia a market for western products.
Westernisation implies changes in dress, style of eating, manners etc. The term refers to a process whereby people of lower castes collectively try to adopt upper caste practices and beliefs to acquire higher status. The concept of sanskritization was found useful by me in the analysis of the social and religious life of the coorgs of south india. Lower castes aspiring for higher status filled the higher caste vacuum through sanskritization.
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